銀行; 

社会学; 犯罪学

A goal of criminal sentencing which seeks to prevent a particular offender from engaging in repeat criminality.

社会学; 犯罪学

A form of control theory which suggests that a series of both internal and external factors contribute to law-abiding behavior.

社会学; 犯罪学

A finding that an offender is guilty of the criminal offense with which they are charged but, because of their prevailing mental condition, they are generally sent to psychiatric ...

社会学; 犯罪学

A criminal sanction, in particular the payment of compensation by the offender to the victim.

社会学; 犯罪学

Designs approaches to research which, although less powerful than experimental designs, are deemed worthy of use where better designs are not feasible.

社会学; 犯罪学

Describe, summarize, or highlight the relationships within data which have been gathered.