Dynasty founded by Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots. Usually refers to reigns of Charles I (reigned 1625-49) and Charles II, although James I was first Stuart king (Jacobean). Charles I was greatest collector and patron of arts in history of British monarchy. He brought Rubens (Baroque) to London and then his great pupil and rival Van Dyck, who was court painter from 1632 to his death in 1641, year of outbreak of the Civil War. During war Van Dyck was succeeded as court painter to Charles by Dobson whose Endymion Porter is perhaps greatest English Baroque portrait. The court of Charles II (reigned 1660-85) was notorious for its pleasure-loving sensuality which was perfectly served by court painter Lely in for example his Windsor Beauties—ten of the most voluptuous ladies of Charles's court grouped around a portrait of the King himself—now at Hampton Court.