- 産業: Education
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An acronym for the CES function based on the names of the four authors who introduced it in Arrow et al. (1961).
Industry:Economy
An arrangement in which currencies were pegged to each other but left free to float as a group against the U. S. Dollar. Named for the graph that the limits of variation of a currency would follow over time.
Industry:Economy
An arrangement used briefly in Europe after the collapse of the Bretton Woods System in which European currencies were permitted to vary 1% against each other (the snake but 2. 25% against the dollar (the tunnel).
Industry:Economy
A U. S. -based nonprofit organization that develops and implements the SA8000 international workplace standards.
Industry:Economy
A provision in an international trade agreement that would link trade liberalization and labor standards. A social clause has been discussed but not adopted in the WTO. The implementation of GSP by both the EU and the US does include a social clause.
Industry:Economy
A curve showing the combinations of goods that, when available to a country, yield the same level of social welfare.
Industry:Economy
A function mapping allocations of goods to the individuals in an economy to a level of welfare for the economy as a whole. If it depends only on the levels of utility of the individuals rather than separately on the allocations, then it is a Bergsonian social welfare function.
Industry:Economy
A currency that is not widely accepted in exchange for other currencies, in contrast to a hard currency.
Industry:Economy
A pegged exchange rate without a strong commitment by the central bank to allow the money supply to vary as necessary to maintain it. A soft peg is particularly subject to speculative attack, and therefore is unlikely to be sustainable.
Industry:Economy
A trade dispute between the U. S. And Canada that has extended over many years. Canada's forest land is mostly owned by provincial governments, which charge a "stumpage fee" for lumber companies to harvest trees. The U. S. Claims that this fee is too low and constitutes an illegal subsidy.
Industry:Economy
