- 産業: Education
- Number of terms: 31274
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1. Without any adjective, or as "import protection," this refers to restriction of imports by means of tariffs and/or NTBs, and thereby intended to insulate domestic producers from competition with imported goods. 2. As "IP protection," or "intellectual property protection," this refers to enforcement of intellectual property rights by granting patents, copyrights, and trademarks and by prosecuting those who violate them.
Industry:Economy
Advocacy of protection. The word has a negative connotation, and few advocates of protection in particular situations will acknowledge being protectionists.
Industry:Economy
A general term encompassing both the spending by government and the methods used to pay for that spending, especially taxation and borrowing.
Industry:Economy
A good that is provided for users collectively, use by one not precluding use of the same units of the good by others.
Industry:Economy
A high tariff the purpose of which is to inflict harm on a foreign exporter as punishment for some previous behavior.
Industry:Economy
1. The equality of the prices of a bundle of goods (usually the CPI) in two countries when valued at the prevailing exchange rate. Called absolute PPP. 2. The equality of the rates of change over time in the prices of a bundle of goods in two countries when valued at the prevailing exchange rate. Called relative PPP. Implies that the rate of depreciation of a currency must equal the difference between its inflation rate and the inflation rate in the currency to which it is being compared.
Industry:Economy
A theory of the exchange rate that the rate will adjust to achieve purchasing power parity, in either its absolute or its relative form.
Industry:Economy
A theoretical economy in which goods are not produced, but exist as endowments, and are then traded among consumers.
Industry:Economy
A market structure in which the single seller has essentially no competition from producers of close substitutes or from potential entrants. The difference from a simple monopoly is not clear cut.
Industry:Economy
A financial contract that permits (but does not require) the buyer of the option to sell a commodity or financial instrument (perhaps a currency) to the seller of the option at a specified time and price.
Industry:Economy
