- 産業: Computer; Software
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The Unicode Consortium or Unicode Inc. is a not-for-profit organization that coordinates the development of the Unicode standard. Its stated goal is to eventually enable computers to operate in all languages from around the world. The consortium develops and publishes a list of freely-available ...
(1) The Japanese word for "pictograph." (2) Any of a particular set of pictographic symbols encoded in the Unicode Standard for compatibility with Japanese telephone symbol sets.
Industry:Computer; Software
A symbol added to text to express emotional effect or reaction—for example, sadness, happiness, joking intent, sarcasm, and so forth. Emoticons are often expressed by a conventional kind of "ASCII art," using sequences of punctuation and other symbols to portray likenesses of facial expressions.
In Western contexts these are often turned sideways, as :-) to express a happy face; in East Asian contexts other conventions often portray a facial expression without turning, as ^-^. Rendering systems often recognize conventional emoticon sequences and display them as colorful or even animated glyphs in text. There is also a set of dedicated pictographic symbols—mostly representing different facial expressions—encoded as characters in the Unicode Standard.
Industry:Computer; Software
(1) Plain text surrounded by formatting information. (2) Text recoded to pass through narrow transmission channels or to match communication protocols.
Industry:Computer; Software
A nonspacing mark with the General Category of Enclosing Mark (Me). Enclosing marks are a subclass of nonspacing marks that surround a base character, rather than merely being placed over, under, or through it.
Industry:Computer; Software
An association (or mapping) between an abstract character and a code point. By itself, an abstract character has no numerical value, but the process of “encoding a character” associates a particular code point with a particular abstract character, thereby resulting in an “encoded character.”
* An encoded character is also referred to as a coded character.
* While an encoded character is formally defined in terms of the mapping between an abstract character and a code point, informally it can be thought of as an abstract character taken together with its assigned code point.
* Occasionally, for compatibility with other standards, a single abstract character may correspond to more than one code point—for example, “Å” corresponds both to U+00C5 Å latin capital letter a with ring above and to U+212B Å angstrom sign.
* A single abstract character may also be represented by a sequence of code points—for example, latin capital letter g with acute may be represented by the sequence <U+0047 latin capital letter g, U+0301 combining acute accent>, rather than being mapped to a single code point.
Industry:Computer; Software
A property of encoded characters in the Unicode Standard.
* For each encoded character property there is a mapping from every code point to some value in the set of values associated with that property.
Industry:Computer; Software
A conversion defined directly between the code unit sequences of one Unicode encoding form and the code unit sequences of another Unicode encoding form.
* In implementations of the Unicode Standard, a typical API will logically convert the input code unit sequence into Unicode scalar values (code points) and then convert those Unicode scalar values into the output code unit sequence. Proper analysis of the encoding forms makes it possible to convert the code units directly, thereby obtaining the same results but with a more efficient process.
* A conformant encoding form conversion will treat any ill-formed code unit sequence as an error condition. (See conformance clause C10.) This guarantees that it will neither interpret nor emit an ill-formed code unit sequence. Any implementation of encoding form conversion must take this requirement into account, because an encoding form conversion implicitly involves a verification that the Unicode strings being converted do, in fact, contain well-formed code unit sequences.
Industry:Computer; Software
A property with a small set of named values.
* As characters are added to the Unicode Standard, the set of values may need to be extended in the future, but enumerated properties have a relatively fixed set of possible values.
Industry:Computer; Software
In the context of text processing, the process or result of establishing whether two text elements are identical in some respect.
Industry:Computer; Software
