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Individuals related by blood, each of whom is affected with the same trait. Examples are affected sibling, cousin, and avuncular pairs.
See also: avuncular relationship.
Industry:Biology
A trait not caused by inheritance of a gene but appears to be identical to a genetic trait..
Industry:Biology
A short strand of DNA that is a part of a cDNA molecule and can act as identifier of a gene. Used in locating and mapping genes..
Industry:Biology
A technique used in model organism studies in which embryos at the 8-cell stage of development are pushed together to yield a single embryo (used as an alternative to microinjection).
See also: model organisms.
Industry:Biology
The physical characteristics of an organism or the presence of a disease that may or may not be genetic.
See also: genotype.
Industry:Biology
Each generation of offspring in a breeding program, designated F1, F2, etc..
Industry:Biology
Alternative form of a genetic locus; a single allele for each locus is inherited from each parent (e.g., at a locus for eye color the allele might result in blue or brown eyes).
See also: locus, gene expression.
Industry:Biology
A map of the locations of identifiable landmarks on DNA (e.g., restriction-enzyme cutting sites, genes), regardless of inheritance. Distance is measured in base pairs. For the human genome, the lowest-resolution physical map is the banding patterns on the 24 different chromosomes; the highest-resolution map is the complete nucleotide sequence of the chromosomes..
Industry:Biology
In genetics, the identification of multiple specific alleles on a person's DNA to produce a unique identifier for that person.
See also: forensics.
Industry:Biology
