- 産業: Oil & gas
- Number of terms: 8814
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
A mud distillation unit used to measure the water, oil and solids content of a mud. It consists of a cylindrical body fitted with a mud sample holder, a heater element (or an oven) and an aluminum condenser. A graduated glass receiver catches and measures the volumes of water and oil that condense from the mud. Retort devices are available in three sizes, 10-, 20- and 50-cm<sup>3</sup> , which are the volumes of mud placed in the retort sample cup. Data from the test are volume percent water, oil and retort solids.
Industry:Oil & gas
A mechanical device for rotating the kelly. The kelly spinner is typically pneumatic. It is a relatively low torque device, useful only for the initial makeup of threaded tool joints. It is not strong enough for proper torque of the tool joint or for rotating the drillstring itself. The kelly spinner has largely replaced the infamous spinning chains, which were responsible for numerous injuries on the rig floor.
Industry:Oil & gas
A fluid that is left in the annular region of a well between tubing and outer casing above a packer. The main functions of a packer fluid are: (1) to provide hydrostatic pressure in order to lower differential pressure across the sealing element, (2) to lower differential pressure on the wellbore and casing to prevent collapse and (3) to protect metals and elastomers from corrosion.
Industry:Oil & gas
A mud and solids-control system in which the only discarded waste is moist, drilled-up rock materials. Such systems are used for drilling wells in environmentally sensitive areas. No reserve-mud pit is used in a truly closed mud system. Mud is continually processed primarily by mechanical means, such as screening, hydrocycloning and centrifuging to remove solids initially. A second stage to remove colloidal solids is by wastewater cleanup techniques.
Industry:Oil & gas
A mud additive used to lower interfacial tension so that trapped gas will readily escape from mud. Mechanical degassing equipment is commonly used along with defoamer. Octyl alcohol, aluminum stearate, various glycols, silicones and sulfonated hydrocarbons are used as defoamers.
Industry:Oil & gas
A mud additive for lowering torque (rotary friction) and drag (axial friction) in the wellbore and to lubricate bit bearings if not sealed. Lubricants may be solids, such as plastic beads, glass beads, nut hulls and graphite, or liquids, such as oils, synthetic fluids, glycols, modified vegetable oils, fatty-acid soaps and surfactants.
Industry:Oil & gas
A mixture of suspended solids and liquids. Muds in general are slurries, but are seldom called that. Cement is a slurry and is often referred to as such.
Industry:Oil & gas
A mixing system used to mix dry powder materials with a base liquid, such as cement slurry or drilling muds. A funnel for the dry powder is mounted above a profiled bowl that incorporates one or more jets through which the liquid is pumped. The venturi effect created by the jets draws the powder into the turbulent stream, providing a rapid and efficient mixing action.
Industry:Oil & gas
A mineral containing ferrous sulfide, FeS, that typically contains inclusions of free sulfur and other minerals. It is commonly present in shales, and may occur as a trace mineral in some barite ores. Pyrrhotite can liberate sulfides in alkaline muds, with adverse consequences for safety and corrosion. <br><br>Reference:<br>Binder GG, Carlton LA and Garrett RL: "Evaluating Barite as a Source of Soluble Carbonate and Sulfide Contamination in Drilling Fluids," Journal of Petroleum Technology 33, no. 12 (December 1981): 2371-2376.
Industry:Oil & gas
A mineral composed of ferrous carbonate, FeCO<sub>3</sub>, and having 3. 8 g/cm<sup>3</sup> specific gravity. It is found as an accessory mineral in some shales and carbonate rocks and also in some barite and hematite ores. FeCO<sub>3</sub> is readily soluble in acids and breaks down slowly in alkaline muds, particularly at high temperature to form a gelatinous solid, Fe(OH)<sub>2</sub>, and soluble CO<sub>3</sub><sup>-2</sup> anions. <br>Reference:<br>Binder GG, Carlton LA and Garrett RL: "Evaluating Barite as a Source of Soluble Carbonate and Sulfide Contamination in Drilling Fluids," Journal of Petroleum Technology 33, no. 12 (December 1981): 2371-2376.
Industry:Oil & gas
