- 産業: Oil & gas
- Number of terms: 8814
- Number of blossaries: 0
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A device to remove dirt, water, foreign matter, or undesired liquids that are part of the gas flowstream. Air can be used to absorb water; also an oil bath might be useful to remove dust, dirt or other liquids. A scrubber is used to protect downstream rotating equipment or to recover valuable liquids from gas.
Industry:Oil & gas
A device that uses Pitot tubes to measure the gas flow rate within a pipeline. The gas volume is calculated from the difference between the flowing pressure and the static pressure of the gas.
Industry:Oil & gas
A device that responds to fluid flow and is used as the sensor in a flowmeter. In a spinner flowmeter, the term refers to the spinner, or in some cases to one of the blades of the spinner. An impeller is also used in a torque flowmeter.
Industry:Oil & gas
A device that removes water and water vapor from a gas stream using two or more beds of solid desiccants, such as silica gel or calcium chloride (CaCl<sub>2</sub>). Wet gas is passed through the solid material, which absorbs the water, and then dry gas is collected at the top of the device. <br><br>The main limitation of this device is that the solid desiccant absorbs only limited quantities of water. When the desiccant saturation point is reached, it must be replaced and sometimes water cannot be removed from it.
Industry:Oil & gas
A device that raises the pressure of air or natural gas. A compressor normally uses positive displacement to compress the gas to higher pressures so that the gas can flow into pipelines and other facilities.
Industry:Oil & gas
A device that is operated to equalize the pressure across a valve, plug or similar pressure or fluid isolation barrier. The operating mechanism on many pressure-sealing devices is rendered inoperable once the mechanism has been activated by pressure. In such cases, the pressure across the pressure barrier must be equalized before the barrier can be removed.
Industry:Oil & gas
A device that helps to keep a wireline logging tool away from the center of the borehole. Typical devices are a single bow spring mounted on the outside surface of the logging tool or a set of rubber fingers mounted at the bottom. Some measurements, such as induction logs, respond better when the tool is eccentralized, while others, including acoustic logs, are better when centralized.
Industry:Oil & gas
A device that can register individual fluid flow rates of oil and gas when more than one fluid is flowing through a pipeline. A multiphase meter provides accurate readings even when different flow regimes are present in the multiphase flow. When using single-phase meters, the fluid mixture (oil and gas) coming from the wellbore must pass through a fluid-separation stage (separator) prior metering. Otherwise, the readings of the single-phase meters will be inaccurate. Separators are not necessary for multiphase metering, and the meters can support different proportions of gas and oil. Multiphase meters provide the advantage of continuous well monitoring, which is not possible using single-phase meters. Additionally, multiphase meters cost less, weigh less and require less space. Multiphase meters are more common in deepwater operations, where well-intervention operations are often prohibitively expensive.
Industry:Oil & gas
A device or completion component designed to enable relative movement between two fixed assemblies in the event of thermal expansion or contraction. The forces generated by thermal expansion or contraction can be significant. Expansion joints within the completion assembly prevent any movement or forces being transmitted to fixed components such as packers or tubing hangers.
Industry:Oil & gas
A device that can be lowered into a tank to obtain samples (liquid or sediments) at different depths. The samples are analyzed to determine the gravity and BS&W content of the fluid into the tank.
Industry:Oil & gas
