- 産業: Oil & gas
- Number of terms: 8814
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The common name for the small shrimp species Mysidopsis bahia, which is used as the test organism in a US EPA bioassay test protocol.
Industry:Oil & gas
The common name for sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Caustic soda is used in most water-base muds to increase and maintain pH and alkalinity. It is a hazardous material to handle because it is very caustic and gives off heat when dissolved in water. Proper training and equipment are needed to handle it safely.
Industry:Oil & gas
The common name for potassium hydroxide (KOH). Caustic potash is used in potassium-based water muds to increase pH and alkalinity and to help maintain the K<sup>+</sup> ion concentration. As the name implies, it is highly caustic and gives off heat when dissolved in water. Caustic potash is hazardous to use without proper training and equipment.
Industry:Oil & gas
The combination of the drillpipe, the bottomhole assembly and any other tools used to make the drill bit turn at the bottom of the wellbore.
Industry:Oil & gas
The colloquial term for the crew member in charge of a specialized cementing crew and trucks.
Industry:Oil & gas
The chemical CaSO<sub>4</sub>, which occurs naturally as the mineral anhydrite. Gypsum is the dihydrate mineral form, CaSO<sub>4</sub>路2H<sub>2</sub>O. Anhydrite and gypsum (commonly called gyp) are found in the subsurface and drilling even small stringers of these minerals can upset a freshwater or seawater mud. Gyp muds, lime muds and oil muds tolerate these salts best. CaSO<sub>4</sub> is used as a mud treatment when no pH increase is needed to remove carbonate ion contamination in freshwater and seawater muds. (Lime increases pH when added for this purpose. ) Gypsum and lime treatments are often used together to keep pH in the proper range. The test for determining the dissolved and undissolved calcium sulfate in a gyp mud requires two titrations with the strong EDTA reagent and Calver II庐 indicator when performed to API standards. It also requires a retort analysis for water content in the mud in order to calculate CaSO<sub>4</sub> content, lbm/bbl.
Industry:Oil & gas
The characteristic of a fluid, such as a drilling mud, to form a gelled structure over time when not subject to shearing and then to liquefy when agitated. The viscosity of a thixotropic fluid changes with time under constant shear rate until reaching equilibrium. Most drilling muds exhibit thixotropy, which is necessary for fast drilling, efficient cuttings lifting and to support weighting material when mud flow stops. Gel strength measured at various time intervals indicates the relative thixotropy of a mud. <br><br>Thixotropy is sometimes desirable to provide resistance to flowing, such as to avoid or reduce losses or flow into a weak formation.
Industry:Oil & gas
The characteristic of a drilling fluid or a mud product pertaining to its response to prolonged heating, usually in a controlled mud composition in a rolling- or static-aging test.
Industry:Oil & gas
The characteristic of a cement slurry whose consistency changes from the point of departure or 30 Bc to 100 Bc in a short time. The term refers to the characteristic 90-degree bend in a plot of cement consistency versus time.
Industry:Oil & gas
