- 産業: Oil & gas
- Number of terms: 8814
- Number of blossaries: 0
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A phenomenon produced when pump submergence into the fluid column is low. A pump-off situation will increase the gas intake, thus reducing the pump efficiency.
Industry:Oil & gas
A phenomenon in which free liquid leaves with the gas phase at the top of a separator. Carryover can indicate high liquid level, damage of the separator or plugged liquid valves at the bottom of the separator.
Industry:Oil & gas
A phenomenon in which free gas leaves with the liquid phase at the bottom of the separator. Blowdy can indicate a low liquid level or improper level control inside the separator.
Industry:Oil & gas
A phenomenon exploited for the purpose of detecting and quantifying the flow of water in or around a borehole based on oxygen activation. Oxygen (<sup>16</sup>O) can be activated by high-energy neutrons to produce an isotope of nitrogen (<sup>16</sup>N), which decays back to oxygen with a half-life of 7. 1 seconds and emits an easily detected gamma ray of 6. 13 MeV. The neutrons are supplied by the generator of a pulsed-neutron spectroscopy tool. The gamma rays are counted in detectors placed above the tool, for upward flow, or below it for downward flow. <br><br>Various techniques have been developed to analyze the count rates in terms of water velocity, flow rate and distance from tool. The earliest methods were based of the ratio of the counts from two detectors. Stationary oxygen and other background signals are eliminated by calibration in a known zone of zero flow, by counting only in a window near 6. 13 MeV, or by optimizing the detector spacings. More recently, impulse-activation techniques have been introduced. While they require the tool to be stationary, they are generally more accurate.
Industry:Oil & gas
A phenomenon encountered during dry forward combustion in which an oil zone around the production well cannot be pushed forward by the heated oil. The fluid located in this zone is still at the original reservoir temperature. Therefore, the fluid is still highly viscous and normally not mobile.
Industry:Oil & gas
A period of controlled production, generally following a stimulation treatment, during which time treatment fluids return from the reservoir formation. Depending on the treatment, the cleanup period can be relatively short and uncomplicated. However, following more complex treatments such as gravel pack or hydraulic fracturing, the cleanup process should be conducted carefully to avoid jeopardizing the long-term efficiency of the treatment.
Industry:Oil & gas
A perforating-gun system containing big-hole or gravel-pack charges. A gravel-pack gun usually has a large outside diameter to minimize standoff between the gun and casing. It is loaded to achieve a high shot density while producing large holes in the casing.
Industry:Oil & gas
A perforating gun, consisting of a loading tube and shaped charges. The shaped charges are housed inside a metal tube or pipe known as a carrier. The carrier protects the charges against well fluids.
Industry:Oil & gas
A perforating gun having more than four shots per foot. In addition to providing a greater number of perforations, a high-shot density gun also improves the phasing, or distribution of perforations, around the wellbore.
Industry:Oil & gas
A perforating gun with a recess profile in the perforating gun body adjacent to the shaped charge. The scallop profile reduces the external burrs created as the perforating jet exits the gun body, thereby reducing the risk of hang-up or damage as the gun assembly is retrieved.
Industry:Oil & gas
