- 産業: Oil & gas
- Number of terms: 8814
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
A small sensor in a production logging tool that distinguishes the type of fluid in its vicinity as it is moved up and down a production well. The optical probe is sensitive to the optical index of the fluid in front of the probe. It can distinguish easily between gas and liquid, and less easily between oil and water. Light is sent from a source down a fiber-optic cable to the tip of the probe, and reflected back to a sensor, which converts it into an electrical signal. Gas, with a low optical index, reflects a significant amount of light and gives a large signal, while liquids give low signals. <br><br>As with other local probes, the output is set to be nearly digital, so that the percentage of the time that the probe sees gas is a direct measure of gas holdup in front of the probe. By using several probes, it is possible to obtain the average holdup and an image of the flow structure across the well.
Industry:Oil & gas
A small sensor in a production logging tool that distinguishes between hydrocarbon and water in its vicinity as it is moved up and down a production well. The electric probe was the first type of local probe to be introduced, appearing initially in the early 1990s. Electric probes measure the local and average holdup of water and give an image of the flow structure across the well. <br><br>Most electric probes emit a high-frequency current and measure the amplitude of the signal, and hence the impedance, of the fluid in a small sphere near the probe. The output is designed to be digital, indicating conductance when the probe is in front of water, and no conductance when it is in front of hydrocarbon. The water must have a certain minimum salinity, below which the device will not work.
Industry:Oil & gas
A small pump with an extended suction duct that is designed to pump fluid from barrels. Barrel pumps are commonly used to decant liquid additives during the preparation of treatment fluids at the wellsite.
Industry:Oil & gas
A small metal tube containing secondary high explosive that is crimped onto the end of the detonating cord. This explosive component is designed to provide reliable detonation transfer between perforating guns or other explosive devices, and often serves as an auxiliary explosive charge to ensure detonation.
Industry:Oil & gas
A small gap that can form between the casing or liner and the surrounding cement sheath, most commonly formed by variations in temperature or pressure during or after the cementing process. Such variations cause small movement of the steel casing, breaking the cement bond and creating a microannulus that is typically partial. However, in severe cases the microannulus may encircle the entire casing circumference. A microannulus can jeopardize the hydraulic efficiency of a primary cementing operation, allowing communication between zones if it is severe and connected.
Industry:Oil & gas
A small fracturing treatment performed before the main hydraulic fracturing treatment to acquire critical job design and execution data and confirm the predicted response of the treatment interval. The minifrac procedure provides key design data from the parameters associated with the injection of fluids and the subsequent pressure decline. The final job procedures and treatment parameters are refined according to the results of the minifrac treatment.
Industry:Oil & gas
A slickline tool generally used for the removal of sand or similar small particles around the fishing necks of downhole tools or equipment. The hydrostatic bailer incorporates a sealed atmospheric chamber and a shear pin, or similar activation mechanism, to allow communication with the wellbore. When the tool is activated, there is a fluid surge into the atmosphere as the pressure is equalized. A shroud arrangement at the base of the tool contains and directs the fluid surge to dislodge and capture any debris in the area.
Industry:Oil & gas
A slickline or coiled tubing tool used to retrieve temporary devices, such as plugs and flow-control equipment, from the wellbore. Pulling tools are available in a range of sizes and profiles and must be compatible with the equipment to be retrieved. A contingency release system in the pulling tool allows the tool to be released and retrieved if the equipment to be retrieved cannot be released.
Industry:Oil & gas
A slab of reservoir rock bounded above and below by another layer in vertical hydraulic communication.
Industry:Oil & gas
A slang term for an internal drift diameter gauge typically used to check casing or tubing joints before they are picked up and run into the wellbore. The drift diameter used depends on the size and weight of the tubular being checked.
Industry:Oil & gas
