- 産業: Oil & gas
- Number of terms: 8814
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Any restriction to flow from near-well reductions in flow capacity. This damage is thought to result from reductions in near-well permeability caused by perforating debris or from the solids or mud filtrate invasion caused by the drilling process.
Industry:Oil & gas
Any pump used to inject fluid into the reservoir or production system. Injection pumps vary in volume and pressure capacity, from the large injection pumps used in water-injection wells, to much smaller low-volume injection pumps used in continuous scale-inhibitor treatments.
Industry:Oil & gas
Any of a variety of analytical techniques carried out to determine the composition of a crude oil by breaking it down into basic chemical components. The hydrocarbon components are usually identified by carbon number fractions: C<sub>1</sub>, C<sub>2</sub>, C<sub>3</sub>, etc. Up to C<sub>n</sub>, where the limiting carbon number, n, is defined by the particular analytical technique. These analytical techniques include, but are not limited to, gas or liquid chromatography, cryogenic and flash distillations, true boiling-point distillations, structural fluid characterizations such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon analysis, SARA analysis, sonic testing and other crude oil assay methods. Other nonhydrocarbon components can also be identified, such as nitrogen, heavy metals, sulfur and salts.
Industry:Oil & gas
Any model that incorporates more than one variable that is represented by fractal geometry or a fractal function. These models can become very complex if the variables are interdependent.
Industry:Oil & gas
Any measurements made on core plugs or whole core that are not part of routine core analysis. Most special core analysis concerns reservoir properties, electrical properties and petrographic studies. The reservoir properties measured include relative permeability, wettability and capillary pressure. Electrical properties include formation factor, resistivity index and cation-exchange capacity. Petrographic and mineralogical studies include scanning electron microscopy, thin-section analysis, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, elemental chemical analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. <br><br>Other special core analyses are concerned with grain size determination (by sieve analysis or laser diffraction); characteristics of the fluids, such as oil viscosity and water salinity; and mechanical properties such as pore volume compressibility and seismic velocities.
Industry:Oil & gas
Any fluid that occurs in the pores of a rock. Strata containing different fluids, such as various saturations of oil, gas and water, may be encountered in the process of drilling an oil or gas well. Fluids found in the target reservoir formation are referred to as reservoir fluids.
Industry:Oil & gas
Analysis performed by downhole tools to determine physical and chemical properties of fluids. Typical analyses that can be performed downhole include basic density and viscosity measurements at sampling pressure and temperature.
Industry:Oil & gas
Analysis of data that has been transformed from the original axes to principal axes, often abbreviated PCA. The first principal axis is the direction in which the data are primarily distributed or the "long" axis of the distribution in n-dimensional space. Data are sometimes rearranged to be in principal component space before further analysis (such as cluster analysis) is performed.
Industry:Oil & gas
Analysis of two data sets that determines whether or not the data are related and describes the best relationship between them. Crossplots are often used to visualize potential bivariate relationships. Regression methods frequently help determine the best equation to fit to the data and the goodness of the fit.
Industry:Oil & gas
