- 産業: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
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The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
A rare neuromuscular disorder characterized by the presence of rod-like structures (nemaline bodies) in the muscle fibers and by muscle weakness. Muscle weakness can occur throughout the body, but is typically most severe in the neck, face, and limbs. Nemaline rod myopathy (NM) in its most severe form can be life-threatening. NM can occur as a complication of HIV infection.
Industry:Health care
A rare type of brain damage associated with high levels of bilirubin. Kernicterus is usually seen only in infants with untreated jaundice, and it very rarely occurs in adults. Symptoms include uncontrollable movement in the face, body, arms, and legs (called athetoid cerebral palsy) and hearing loss. Kernicterus may also cause problems with vision and teeth and may lead to mental retardation.
Industry:Health care
A rare type of brain damage associated with high levels of bilirubin. Kernicterus is usually seen only in infants with untreated jaundice, and it very rarely occurs in adults. Symptoms include uncontrollable movement in the face, body, arms, and legs (called athetoid cerebral palsy) and hearing loss. Kernicterus may also cause problems with vision and teeth and may lead to mental retardation.
Industry:Health care
A rare type of cancer characterized by the abnormal growth of cells that line lymph and blood vessels. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) causes red or purple patches of tissue (lesions) to grow under the skin and in the lining of the mouth, nose, and throat. Lesions may also develop in the digestive tract, liver, or lungs. KS generally occurs in people with weakened immune systems. In people with HIV, KS is an AIDS-defining condition.
Industry:Health care
A rare, severe type of folliculitis (inflammation of hair follicles) characterized by itchy bumps or pus-filled sores on the face, chest, back, or arms. Eosinophilic folliculitis (EF) is mainly associated with advanced HIV infection.
Industry:Health care
A ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective. The larger the therapeutic index (TI), the safer the drug is. If the TI is small (the difference between the two concentrations is very small), the drug must be dosed carefully and the person receiving the drug should be monitored closely for any signs of drug toxicity.
Industry:Health care
A reddish-yellow substance produced during the normal breakdown of red blood cells. Bilirubin is normally processed through the liver and eventually excreted from the body. Excess bilirubin in the blood may indicate liver damage or disease.
Industry:Health care
A relatively rare type of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) occurs when a Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain becomes resistant to drugs used to treat TB, including the two most effective first-line antibiotics (isoniazid and rifampin) and most of the second-line drugs. XDR-TB progresses more rapidly and is more severe in people coinfected with HIV than in people infected with XDR-TB alone.
Industry:Health care
A research study that determines whether a new drug (or other intervention) is both safe and effective for humans. There are two main types of clinical trials: interventional trials and observational trials.
Industry:Health care
A retrovirus that infects only T lymphocytes (T cells). Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is transmitted through exposure to contaminated blood, through sexual contact, and from an infected mother to her child at birth or through breastfeeding via breast milk. HTLV-1 is prevalent mostly in Japan, Africa, the Caribbean Islands, and South America. HTLV-1 can cause adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, a rare and aggressive cancer of the white blood cells.
Industry:Health care
