- 産業: Agriculture
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Established in October 1945 with the objective of eliminating hunger and improving nutrition and standards of living by increasing agricultural productivity, FAO coordinates the efforts of governments and technical agencies in programs for developing agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and land and ...
The synthesis of proteins in the test-tube from purified mRNA molecules using cell extracts containing ribosomal sub-units, the necessary protein factors, tRNA molecules and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, ATP, GTP, amino acids and an enzyme system for re-generating the nucleoside triphosphates. Prokaryotic translation systems are usually prepared from <i>E. coli</i> or the thermophilic bacterium, <i>Bacillus stearothermophilus.</i> Eukaryotic systems usually employ rabbit reticulocyte lysates or wheat germ.
Industry:Biotechnology
The system of protoplasts in plants, that are interconnected by plasmodesmata.
Industry:Biotechnology
The technique by which DNA insert and vector molecules are digested with two different restriction enzymes to create non-complementary sticky ends at either end of each restriction fragment, so allowing the insert to be ligated to the vector in a specific orientation and preventing the vector from re-circularizing.
Industry:Biotechnology
The tendency for the type of gene action to vary between the sexes within a species. Thus the presence of horns in some breeds of sheep appears to be dominant in males and recessive in females.
Industry:Biotechnology
The tendency of non-allelic genes to be inherited together more than would be expected if they were assorting independently. Linkage exists between two loci when they are located sufficiently close on the same chromosome that some gametes are produced without crossing-over occurring between the two loci.
Industry:Biotechnology
The term used by Friedrich Miescher to describe the nuclear material he discovered in 1869, which today is known as DNA.
Industry:Biotechnology
The terminal bud (0.1 - 1.0 mm) of a plant, which consists of the apical meristem (0.05 - 0.1 mm) and the immediate surrounding leaf primordia and developing leaves and adjacent stem tissue.
Industry:Biotechnology
The terminal bud (0.1 - 1.0 mm) of a plant, which consists of the apical meristem (0.05 - 0.1 mm) and the immediate surrounding leaf primordia and developing leaves and adjacent stem tissue.
Industry:Biotechnology
The theory of heredity that forms the basis of classical genetics, proposed by Gregor Mendel in 1866 and formulated in two laws (<i>see</i> Mendel's Laws).
Industry:Biotechnology
The theory that chromosomes carry the genetic information and that their behaviour during meiosis provides the physical basis for segregation and independent assortment.
Industry:Biotechnology
