- 産業: Agriculture
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Established in October 1945 with the objective of eliminating hunger and improving nutrition and standards of living by increasing agricultural productivity, FAO coordinates the efforts of governments and technical agencies in programs for developing agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and land and ...
The chromosome constitution of a cell, an individual, or of a related group of individuals, as defined both by the number and the morphology of the chromosomes, usually in mitotic metaphase; chromosomes arranged in order of length and according to position of centromere; also, the abbreviated formula for the chromosome constitution, such as 47, XX + 21 for human trisomy-21 (Down's syndrome).
Industry:Biotechnology
The class of small RNA molecules that transfer amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. Transfer RNA molecules are folded into a 'clover-leaf' secondary structure by intrastrand base pairing. The anticodon loop contains a nucleotide-triplet complementary to a specific codon within the mRNA molecule. Each tRNA is 'charged' with the correct amino acid molecule, via its 3´ adenosine moiety, by an enzyme called aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.
Industry:Biotechnology
The class to which an antibody belongs, depending on the type of heavy chain present. In mammals, there are five classes of antibodies: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM.
Industry:Biotechnology
The cleavage of a bond by orthophosphate; analogous to hydrolysis referring to cleavage by water.
Industry:Biotechnology
The close association of two or more dissimilar organisms, where the association is harmful to at least one. <i>cf</i> commensalism; symbiosis.
Industry:Biotechnology
The coalescence of the plasmalemma and cytoplasm of two or more protoplasts in contact with one another. Initial adhesion of two protoplasts is a random process but coalescence can be induced.
Industry:Biotechnology
The coating or plugging (by materials or micro-organisms) of equipment, thus preventing it from functioning properly.
Industry:Biotechnology
The codon AUG which specifies the first amino acid methionine of a polypeptide chain. In bacteria, the initiation codon is either AUG, which is translated as <i>n</i>-formyl methionine or, rarely, GUG (valine). In eukaryotes, the initiation codon is always AUG and is translated as methionine. The term is also used to describe the corresponding sequence in DNA, namely ATG.
Industry:Biotechnology
The codon AUG which specifies the first amino acid methionine of a polypeptide chain. In bacteria, the initiation codon is either AUG, which is translated as <i>n</i>-formyl methionine or, rarely, GUG (valine). In eukaryotes, the initiation codon is always AUG and is translated as methionine. The term is also used to describe the corresponding sequence in DNA, namely ATG.
Industry:Biotechnology
