- 産業: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
Glacier ice containing air bubbles. Air bubbles are trapped when the ice is formed from either water or compressed snow. A layer of bubbly ice is called a white band.
Industry:Weather
Greek for “north,” and by extension, “north wind,” from the ancient Greek Boreas.
Industry:Weather
Factor relating the pressure and the height of a column of mercury, for example, 1 hPa = 0. 750062 mm, 1 mm = 1. 333224 hPa.
Industry:Weather
Electromagnetic radiation resulting from the acceleration or deceleration of subatomic particles such as electrons when they interact with matter; often applied to the continuous part of the x-ray spectrum produced when high-energy electrons bombard a material. Bremsstrahlung is German for “braking radiation. ” In cosmic ray shower production, bremsstrahlung gives rise to emission of gamma rays as electrons encounter atmospheric nuclei.
Industry:Weather
Erroneous spectral energy added to the high-frequency (short wavelength) portion of the spectrum, such as in a Fourier analysis of a turbulent time series.
Industry:Weather
Dust picked up locally from the surface of the earth and blown about in clouds or sheets. It is classed as a lithometeor and is encoded BLDU as an obstruction to vision in an aviation weather observation (METAR). (Encoded as BD in SAO observation format. ) Blowing dust may completely obscure the sky; in its extreme form it is called a duststorm. A layer of stable air aloft tends to stop the vertical transport of dust by eddies. There is then a sharply defined upper limit to the dust layer.
Industry:Weather
Cyclonic or anticyclonic gyre (spiral motion) resulting from the advection of background potential vorticity by the circulation of the tropical cyclone. The influence of such gyres on the motion of the tropical cyclone is called beta drift.
Industry:Weather
Denotes how fluid motion is affected by spatial changes of the Coriolis parameter, for example, due to the earth's curvature. The term takes its name from the symbol β representing the meridional gradient of the Coriolis parameter at a fixed latitude. A linearly sloping lower boundary to fluid in a rotating system also experiences the beta effect.
Industry:Weather
Descriptive of a sky cover of from 0. 6 to 0. 9 (to the nearest tenth). This is applied only when obscuring phenomena aloft are present, that is, not when the sky cover is composed entirely of surface-based obscuring phenomena. In aviation weather observations, a broken sky cover may be explicitly identified as thin (predominantly transparent); otherwise a predominantly opaque status is implicit. An opaque broken sky cover is the minimum requirement for a ceiling, and this is frequently termed broken ceiling.
Industry:Weather
