- 産業: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A remote sensing system that transmits its own electromagnetic energy, then measures the properties of the returned radiation. Active systems require more power to operate than passive systems, but can be designed to have greater sensitivity. Examples of active systems are radar, lidar, and acoustic sounders.
Industry:Weather
Measure of the effective concentration of a chemical in the gas or liquid phase. The activity is usually less than the mass concentration, from which it differs due to the nonideal nature of gases and solutions. In the limit of very dilute mixtures, the activity is the same as the concentration for liquid solutions, or the partial pressure for gases. The activity coefficient, usually denoted by γ or f, is the ratio of the activity to the actual physical concentration.
Industry:Weather
A measure of the extent to which substances, on dissolving in water, form charged ions or associate to form multiple molecules; the amount dissolved influences colligative effects, such as equilibrium freezing point depression of solution drops and reaction rates in solution.
Industry:Weather
The vertical distance above mean sea level of the ground at the meteorological station. This term is denoted by the symbol H in international usage.
Industry:Weather
Quantity of water evaporated from a region comprising open water or ice surfaces, bare soil, or vegetation-covered soil.
Industry:Weather
The atmospheric pressure at the level of the barometer (elevation of ivory point), as obtained from the observed reading after applying the necessary corrections for temperature, gravity, and instrument errors. This may or may not be the same as station pressure.
Industry:Weather
1. The time at which the barometric pressure is read during a synoptic weather observation. 2. The time at which the balloon is released when an upper-air observation is taken.
Industry:Weather
The ease with which an algorithm, rule-based system, or neural network developed for a given geographic location can be modified to perform equally well with input data from another location.
Industry:Weather
The average luminance (or brightness) of those objects and surfaces in the immediate vicinity of an observer estimating the visual range. The adaptation luminance has a marked influence on an observer's estimate of the visual range because, along with the visual angle of the object under observation, it determines the observer's threshold contrast. High adaptation luminance tends to produce a high threshold contrast, thus reducing the estimated visual range. This effect of the adaptation luminance is to be distinguished from the influence of background luminance.
Industry:Weather
