- 産業: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
The complementary particle to every subatomic particle, identical in mass and, if charged, identical in charge magnitude but with opposite sign. If a particle has a magnetic (dipole) moment, its antiparticle has an equal and opposite magnetic moment. For example, the electron and positron comprise a particle–antiparticle pair. Because the electron was discovered first (and electrons are more abundant), the electron is the particle and the positron the antiparticle (antielectron), but this designation is arbitrary. The electron could just as well be called the antipositron. Collectively, antiparticles are called antimatter. When a particle and its antiparticle interact, they are annihilated, their energy living on in the form of gamma rays. The inverse process, pair production, is possible: A gamma ray photon interacting with an atomic nucleus may be annihilated, its energy taken up by an electron–positron pair. Some neutral particles are their own antiparticles (e.g., the photon and the neutral pion).
Industry:Weather
An artificial analog created by taking the mirror image of observed atmospheric states with respect to a climatological mean, and selecting mirror image states that are analogs for a given unmodified state.
Industry:Weather
One of the currents of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre flowing along the northern side of the Greater Antilles. Its water is supplied from the northern branch of the North Equatorial Current, drawn mainly from the Gulf Stream recirculation and therefore identical to water of the Sargasso Sea. East of the Straits of Florida, the Antilles Current merges with the Florida Current. The continuity of the Antilles Current as a steadily westward flowing current is somewhat in doubt, but westward transport does exist in the mean.
Industry:Weather
A type of cloud seeding device that is fired into a cloud region where it releases a seeding agent. Such rockets have been launched from the ground and from aircraft. The seeding agent may be generated as smoke from the rocket motor, or it may be part of the rocket payload. Hail suppression programs in Italy, Russia, Yugoslavia, and Switzerland have used rockets to deliver cloud seeding agents into regions of hail-producing thunderstorms where there are large amounts of supercooled liquid water.
Industry:Weather
The prevention of the formation of ice upon any object, especially applied to aircraft icing.
Industry:Weather
Horizontal wind shear of such a nature that it contributes to the anticyclonic vorticity of the flow; that is, it tends to produce anticyclonic rotation of the individual air particles along the line of flow. In the Northern Hemisphere, anticyclonic shear is present if (when one faces downwind) the wind speed decreases from left to right across the direction of flow; the opposite is true in the Southern Hemisphere. Compare cyclonic shear.
Industry:Weather
Generally circular motion of a mass in a sense opposite to that of the earth, that is, clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere, undefined at the equator.
Industry:Weather
Fluid motion having a sense of rotation about the local vertical opposite to that of the earth's rotation; that is, clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere, undefined at the equator. It is the opposite of cyclonic circulation.
Industry:Weather
Having a sense of rotation about the local vertical opposite to that of the earth's rotation; that is, clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere, undefined at the equator. It is the opposite of cyclonic.
Industry:Weather
An atmospheric anticyclonic circulation, a closed circulation. The wind in an anticyclone is in the clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. With respect to the relative direction of its rotation, it is the opposite of a cyclone. Because anticyclonic circulation and relative high atmospheric pressure usually coexist, the terms anticyclone and high are used interchangeably in common practice. Compare ridge.
Industry:Weather
