- 産業: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A low-speed impaction device consisting of a set of impactor plates connected in series or in parallel for use in sampling both solid and liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere. The diameters of the nozzles or slits above each impactor plate are designed in such a manner that each sampling plate collects particles of predominantly one size range. This method is used to obtain different size fractions of ambient particles in the range of diameters ∼ 0. 5 to 30 μm.
Industry:Weather
A map depicting contours of a meteorological variable, such as height or pressure. See constant-pressure chart.
Industry:Weather
A map of a water area depicting ocean-current data by current roses, vectors, or other means.
Industry:Weather
A map showing, principally, the pressure pattern, height pattern, or any meteorological parameter at a specified time.
Industry:Weather
A low that may be completely encircled by an isobar or contour line. (This means an isobar or contour line of any value, not necessarily restricted to those arbitrarily chosen for the analysis of the chart. ) Strictly, all lows are closed. However, in weather-map analysis terminology, this designation is used commonly in two respects: 1) on surface charts, to distinguish a low from a trough, especially as a low develops within the trough; and 2) on upper-level charts, to accentuate the fact that the circulation is closed, especially at levels and over latitudes where such an occurrence is unusual. The definition of closed high is analogous.
Industry:Weather
A local name given in Spain to the summer haze described by Kendrew (1937). He says, “In summer there is very active evaporation and almost complete drought, broken only by an occasional thunderstorm, and the fierce heat burns up the vegetation. Without irrigation the landscape is semi-desert, brown and grey are dominant colors, and dust is everywhere - the parched ground is thickly covered, and the air is hazy with minute dust particles which have been swept up by the strong winds. The haze is known as the calina, and is probably due to irregular refraction of the light, as well as the dust. The view is frequently obscured by the dismal grey calina in all the south Mediterranean lands. ”
Industry:Weather
A line marked at intervals (commonly about 15 m (50 ft)), and paid out over the stern of a moving ship. By timing the intervals at which the markers appear as the line is pulled out by a drag (the “chip”), the ship's speed can be determined. The wave length of ocean waves can be estimated by noting the position of wave crests relative to the markers.
Industry:Weather
A line drawn on a graph of air temperature versus some function of humidity (usually wet-bulb temperature or relative humidity) to show the varying conditions under which the average sedentary person feels the same degree of comfort; a curve of constant comfort. The effective temperature line on a comfort chart (American Society of Heating and Air Conditioning) is such a curve.
Industry:Weather
A line on a tidal chart connecting places having the same cotidal hour for a given lunar tidal component, or one connecting places that have high water (or low water) simultaneously.
Industry:Weather
A lightning flash occurring between a charge center in the cloud and the ground. On an annual basis, negative charge is lowered to the ground in about 95% of the flashes. The remaining flashes lower positive charge to the ground. This type of lightning flash, which can be contrasted with an intracloud flash or cloud flash, consists of one or more return strokes. The first stroke begins with a stepped leader followed by an intense return stroke that is the principal source of luminosity and charge transfer. Subsequent strokes begin with a dart leader followed by another return stroke. Most of the strokes use the same channel to ground. The time interval between strokes is typically 40 μs.
Industry:Weather
