- 産業: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
In India, southerly winds, sometimes violent, causing blinding duststorms. These conditions can be continuous for over two months.
Industry:Weather
In meteorology, a chart, maintained for weather analysis and forecasting, upon which are entered the present and historical positions of significant features of the regular synoptic charts at regular intervals. Significant features include pressure centers, fronts, instability lines, trough lines, and ridge lines. Compare station continuity chart.
Industry:Weather
In Mexico, a local term for a tropical cyclone off the west coast. These were formerly considered rare, but satellites reveal that they are quite common, especially in July and August.
Industry:Weather
In hydrology, a name sometimes given to a form of frequency analysis that employs the return period as the plotting position.
Industry:Weather
In geology, the total weight of airborne particles of given size, shape, and specific gravity that can be carried in one cubic mile of wind blowing at a given speed. The particles considered are only those of soil and rock (detritus). A number of measurements of sand transport by wind in the Sahara were made by Major R. A. Bagnold, who, by theory and wind tunnel experiment, established a formula depending on wind speed near the ground, diameter of the sand grains, and type of surface, but not on turbulence. For fine sand, the lower limit of effective wind is 2. 5 m s−1. A similar concept with respect to waterborne material is the sediment discharge rating. Compare competence of the wind, erosion.
Industry:Weather
In geology, the ability of the wind to transport solid particles either by rolling, by suspension, or by saltation (intermittent rolling and suspension). It is usually expressed in terms of the weight of a single particle. This value varies with the wind speed and with the size, shape, and specific gravity of the particles. Compare capacity of the wind.
Industry:Weather
In general, the physical process by which a vapor becomes a liquid or solid; the opposite of evaporation, although on the molecular scale, both processes are always occurring. In meteorological usage, this term is applied only to the transformation from vapor to liquid; any process in which a solid forms directly from its vapor is termed deposition, and the reverse process sublimation. In meteorology, condensation is considered almost exclusively with reference to water vapor that changes to dew, fog, or cloud. Condensation in the atmosphere occurs by either of two processes: cooling of air to its dewpoint, or addition of enough water vapor to bring the mixture to the point of saturation (that is, the relative humidity is raised to 100 percent). When either of these processes occurs, condensation ensues only if condensation nuclei or other surfaces are present. In the complete absence of such, condensation does not occur at nominal saturation. The spontaneous formation of liquid or solid droplets from water vapor (homogeneous nucleation) is opposed by the surface free-energy increase that attends the creation of new surfaces of the liquid or solid phase. Only for extreme supersaturation does this free-energy balance swing in favor of spontaneous nucleation.
Industry:Weather
In general, the instability of a rotating fluid system, usually synonymous with rotational instability and inertial instability.
Industry:Weather
