- 産業: Oil & gas
- Number of terms: 8814
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
A storage place for the kelly, consisting of an opening in the rig floor fitted with a piece of casing with an internal diameter larger than the outside diameter of the kelly, but less than that of the upper kelly valve so that the kelly may be lowered into the rathole until the upper kelly valve rests on the top of the piece of casing.
Industry:Oil & gas
A specially formulated blend of lubricating grease and fine metallic particles that prevents thread galling (a particular form of metal-to-metal damage) and seals the roots of threads. The American Petroleum Institute (API) specifies properties of pipe dope, including its coefficient of friction. The rig crew applies copious amounts of pipe dope to the drillpipe tool joints every time a connection is made.
Industry:Oil & gas
A steel cable attached to the rig derrick or mast near the work platform for the derrickman. This cable is anchored at surface level (on a vessel or the Earth) away from the mast in a loose catenary profile, and fitted with a handle and hand brake that is stored at the top. The escape line provides a rapid escape path for the derrickman should well conditions or massive mechanical failure warrant. In such a case the derrickman would disconnect his safety belt from the rig, rehook it over the escape line if time permitted, firmly grip the tee-bar handle and ride the trolley down the cable while holding on to the handle with his hands. The escape line is also known as the "Geronimo line. "
Industry:Oil & gas
A specimen of test material to be used in a corrosion test, usually a metal strip or ring shaped to fit into a testing cell or between joints of drillpipe. Rings, or coupons, are weighed before and after exposure, and weight loss is measured. They are also examined for pits and cracks. Corrosion products are analyzed to define the type of corrosion reaction.
Industry:Oil & gas
A specially designed drilling rig capable of drilling directional wells.
Industry:Oil & gas
A specially designed fluid that is used for cutting cores with a core barrel and core bit. Sometimes the fluid used is the drilling mud, but if cores are for special studies, the coring fluid must be carefully designed to avoid damaging or altering the rock sample, such as a bland coring fluid.
Industry:Oil & gas
A special fluid designed exclusively for drilling through the reservoir section of a wellbore. The reasons for using a specially designed mud are: (1) to drill the reservoir zone successfully, often a long, horizontal drainhole. (2) to minimize damage and maximize production of exposed zones. (3) to facilitate the well completion needed, which can include complicated procedures. A drill-in fluid should resemble a completion fluid. It may be a brine containing only selected solids of appropriate particle size ranges (salt crystals or calcium carbonate) and polymers. Only additives essential for filtration control and cuttings carrying are present in a drill-in fluid.
Industry:Oil & gas
A specialized apparatus used in the particle-plugging test. The PPA is used to determine the ability of particles in the drilling fluid to effectively bridge the pores in the filter medium and, therefore, the ability of the mud to reduce formation damage in the reservoir. The apparatus resembles a high-pressure, high-temperature filtration cell that has been modified to operate upside down (to remove the effects of gravity) and to accept filter media of different permeabilities (sintered metal, which is chosen for higher temperature conditions, aloxite, which is a porous ceramic material, or rock). The medium is selected to match the permeability of the reservoir to be drilled. The filter medium is at the top so that sediment will not affect the filter cake. Pressure is applied hydraulically from below.
Industry:Oil & gas
A small-diameter channel worn into the side of a larger diameter wellbore. This can be the result of a sharp change in direction of the wellbore (a dogleg), or if a hard formation ledge is left between softer formations that enlarge over time. In either case, the diameter of the channel is typically similar to the diameter of the drillpipe. When larger diameter drilling tools such as tool joints, drill collars, stabilizers, and bits are pulled into the channel, their larger diameters will not pass and the larger diameter tools may become stuck in the keyseat. Preventive measures include keeping any turns in the wellbore gradual and smooth. The remedy to keyseating involves enlarging the worn channel so that the larger diameter tools will fit through it.
Industry:Oil & gas
A special tool used by the rig crew to prevent the drill bit from turning while the bit sub on top of it is tightened or loosened. Bits have noncylindrical shapes, so the conventional wrenches used by the rig crew to tighten cylindrical shapes like pipes do not fit the bits properly. In addition, some bits, such as PDC bits, have a wide range of unusual and asymmetric shapes or profiles. The bit breaker must match the bit profile or the bit may be ruined before ever being used.
Industry:Oil & gas
